What is "hybrid warfare"? Visit the Center for the Study of Modern Global Threats in Finland. Frank Gardner

believed to have exploded under the Baltic Sea Thisสล็อตวอเลทcaused a hole in the Nord Stream gas pipeline last year. It's a hybrid war. to punish Western nations for supporting Ukraine in fighting Russian aggression

Mysterious underwater explosion Anonymous Cyber Attack and the ingenious movement to undermine democracy in Western nations. These are all "hybrid threats"

The BBC has visited a working center dedicated to fighting this new form of warfare. This is causing concern to the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) and the European Union (EU) members.


Dr. Teja Tillikainen defines the term "Hybrid warfare" (hybrid warfare) said that "it is to create chaos in the information space. It is an attack on critical infrastructure.”

She is the director of the European Center of Excellence for Countering Hybrid Threats (Hybrid CoE), which was established in Helsinki, Finland six years ago.

It's an unclear form of threat, Dr Tillikinen explains. Which other countries see as a threat that is difficult to resist and self defense

But these perils are real dangers.

In September last year, there was an explosion under the Baltic Sea. This caused a hole in the Nord Stream gas pipeline between the Danish and Swedish coastlines. The pipeline was built to deliver natural gas from Russia to northern Germany.

The Russian government has outright denied involvement. But Western nations speculate that the case may have been a result of Russia's desire to cut fuel power to the West. to punish Ukraine for supporting Ukraine in fighting Russian aggression

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There are also instances of election interference. At the time of the incident, only a few people were aware of this type of threat. But after the 2016 US presidential election, investigators concluded there was Russian interference. to destroy the chances of Hillary Clinton and aid Donald Trump, allegations the Russian government also denies